Quotes From the Movie Wedding Crashers

The tagline for the movie Wedding Crashers is Lifes a party. Crash it. The movie deals with the exploits of two men, John Beckwith and Jeremy Grey, who crash weddings hoping to have a good time, drink free alcohol and pick up women. The film has several hilarious moments that make viewers laugh out loud. The following ​Wedding Crasher quotes take you on a journey through this laugh-a-minute comedy. John Beckwith What are you doing? Its a game of touch football, every time I look over youre on your ass again.What are you going to do for an encore? Walk on water?You know how they say we only use 10 percent of our brains? I think we only use 10 percent of our hearts.Im sorry I called you a hillbilly. I dont even know what that means.Love doesnt exist, thats what Im trying to tell you guys. And Im not picking on love, cause I dont think friendship exists either.Were brothers from New Hampshire. Were venture capitalists.I am going to go dance with the little flower girl. Oh, and I might be a charter member of Oprahs book club. Jeremy Grey Tattoo on the lower back? Might as well be a bulls eye.Grab that net and catch that beautiful butterfly pal.Im gonna go see Dr. Finklestein, and Im gonna tell him we have a whole new bag of issues. We can forget about mom for a while.I felt like Jodie Foster in The Accused last night.I happen to know everything there is to know about maple syrup! I love maple syrup. I love maple syrup on pancakes. I love it on pizza. And I take maple syrup and put a little bit in my hair when Ive had a rough week. What do you think holds it up, slick?I hope you flip your bike over and knock your two front teeth out! You selfish son of a bitch! You leave me in the trenches taking grenades, John!A friend in need is a pest.Im just warming up. Last week I did an exact [balloon] replica, to scale, of Wrigley Field. Honest to God. I dont have anywhere to put it.She hasnt returned your phone calls, she hasnt responded to any of your letters, she didnt respond to the candygram. God knows what happened to the kitten you got for her. Cause she didnt keep it, and I know youre not raising the goddamn thing. I think its very obvious at this juncture that she just flat out does not wanna see you.Im not perfect, but who are we kidding. neither are you. Chazz Reinhold Grief is natures most powerful aphrodisiac.  I almost numchucked  you; you dont even realize!  Yeah, her boyfriend just died. Dude died in a hang-gliding accident! What an idiot . Mrs. Kroeger You shut your mouth when youre talking to me! Todd Cleary Death, you are my bitch lover. Vivian Would you say youre completely full of shit or just 50 percent?

Are Sports Programs For Children And Teenagers Too Intense

Are sports programs for children and teenagers too intense? Youth sports are being questioned by the public as being too intense. One of the reasons for this is that sport specialization is up to a record high 25 percent(Sirs). This means that one in every four people are only playing one sport which can lead to injuries and psychological issues. Another issue is injuries in youth sports. Most specifically football is being researched intensely for head injuries that can hurt the children for the rest of their lives. Even though some believe that youth sport programs should be less intense they still believe that all sports are helping the youth grow up to be leaders for the next generation. Although many believe youth sports programs†¦show more content†¦One of the major reasons why adult think youth sports are being too intense is that sports specialization is at a record high. Although this is true it is still only at 25 percent. Sports specialization should not happen un til 15 or 16 according to a harvard study(Sirs). If 25 percent of people are specializing in one sports that mean 75 percent of youth are not focusing on one sport. So even though some youth are specializing in one sport he majority of of youth players do not focus on one sport but rather play multiple sports. Jane Cray, a parent whose child specialises in hockey, says that the main reason she lets her son, who is 10, specialize is she believes that this will help him earn an athletic scholarship to a major college. This is not true. There was a study done by harvard in which they found out that specializing does not make you a better athlete or better at that one sport. Playing multiple sports when youth athletes are young helps develop to the athletes athletic potential quicker than they would. The second reason adults believe youth sports are too intense is because of the growing increase of injuries. The argument I would make against that almost double kids are actually playing sports now. If more youth are playing the sport then it’s reasonable to think that there would be more injuries. There is also more research being done now then ever trying to prevent sport injuries. One organization calledShow MoreRelatedSports Programs For Children And Young Adults1558 Words   |  7 Pagesalso the number one cause of death in children and young adults. It is a traumatic brain injury, which happens in many contact sports. An example of a traumatic brain injury is a concussion. These are very serious injuries, killing over 50,000 people per year. Contact sports have a great contribution to this number, which causes people to inquire: Are contact sports programs for children and teenagers too intense? A bunch of people think they are too intense because of the injuries, deaths, andRead MorePersuasive Essay About Youth Sports1927 Words   |  8 PagesOrganized youth sports are extremely popular among youth and their families, with approximately 45 milli on children and adolescent participating in the US. There are many characteristics children can develop while playing youth sports such as confidence, self-esteem, leadership, respect, independence, assertiveness, and conflict resolution. Competition can help kids learn more, improve faster and reach a higher level of excellence than they would be able to without the ongoing challenge. CompetitiveRead MorePoverty And Its Effects On Children1377 Words   |  6 Pagesthroughout the whole world, but one thing that people tend to overlook is the effect that poverty has on childhood. Many children grow up in poverty and the effects can last for a life time. For many of these kids who grow up in these conditions the effects include poor health, a high risk for teen pregnancy, and the lack of an education. Poor health is a direct of effect of poverty, children with families with no money or that live in a country that cannot provide the right kind of services do not haveRead MoreThe Pitfalls Of High School Sports Essay1508 Words   |  7 PagesChildren are often exposed to sports at an early age. As they get older and start school they often participate in sports as a way to both make now friends and be active. As the children grow older, progressing into their teenage years, they become more specialized in their sports. The sports that the young people continue with grow in their favor. When the child reaches the high school level, sports take center stage. The pressure for them to perform in sports and perform well is immense. ThereRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1365 Words   |  6 Pagesequality. It is imperative for our children s future that we continue the feminist movement. To achieve gender equality we need to educate our children on the importance of respect and indiv idualism, stop sexualizing women, and convince men they are effected too. Our children are the future. These tiny humans see and hear more than we realize they do. They are born innocent and naive to the problems the world bestows upon us. It is our responsibility to teach our children the importance of respect, whileRead MoreThis All Amps Up The Stress And Pressure On Both Young2025 Words   |  9 Pagesdue to an unwillingness to play the recruitment game in middle school. Gone are the days where children could treat sports as a buffet, having fun casually sampling different ones throughout the year. Now, they are encouraged by parents to specialize early on so they can play competitively year round and excel at their chosen sport. The NCAA found that the number of athletes who committed to a single sport before the age of twelve is on the rise, and this specialization is the number one regret ofRead MoreEssay on The Media Violence Debate3490 Words   |  14 PagesTelevision and video games are favorite ways teenagers spend their leisure hours. Parents and teens themselves have wondered about their effects because of numerous concerns raised with regards to the negative influences that these form of entertainment bring. Many of today’s children grow up with a television at home or even in their own rooms and there have been studies dedicated to the analysis of their impact of a young child growing up to adolescence. Young children are heavily influenced by televisionRead MoreViolence in the Media Essay1418 Words   |  6 PagesBut with the convenience of all this information comes along a certain level of responsibility. As a society, we Americans must decide what is appropriate information and entertainment for the masses to access and enjoy. But does today’s society give too much leeway in what it thinks as â€Å"appropriate?† Does increased violent, sexual, and other forms of possibly offensive content negatively effect our behaviors? What measures should the individuals of our society and the government takes in order to hideRead MoreThe Issue Of Concussions And Its Effects2617 Words   |  11 Pagesat all and can happen to anyone. This is just another reason why improvements are needed in this field for all sports, as concussions can not just be focused on football only. Concussions are present in every sport; thus any athlete is at risk to a traumatic brain injury. In my research I have found in my research that boy’s football and girl’s soccer are the highest amongst all sports with boy’s lacrosse and boys hockey rounding out the top 4. Also, surprisingly are that girl’s basketball playersRead MoreThe Effects Of Teen Pregnancy On Lower Ses Adolescents3260 Words   |  14 Pageschildbearing until after age 20 .Low ses greater risk of becoming teenager pregnant and influence the development of both the course and persistence in antenatal depression and PPD and ) reported that the presences of depressive symptoms was associated with Black race, unmarried status, poor family background low educational attainment low monthly income, and receipt of assistance through Aid to Families with Dependent Children, food stamps, or WIC. Inadequate social support assert that no social

The Effect of Multiculturalism in Canadian Society Free Essays

In terms of education, multiculturalism is becoming increasingly disruptive in Canadian society. It seems that there is a new issue in the media focus regarding education on a weekly basis. It’s becoming increasingly apparent that most, if not all issues in recent years stem from the debate of whether to centralize or decentralize our current system of education. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of Multiculturalism in Canadian Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now Proponents of centralization argue that a standard national system of education will provide all people with access to the same quality of education. On the other hand, proponent†s of decentralization claim that individual educational institutions will provide a level of education that is sensitive to the differing cultures and economic status within a particular area. Both sides contend that their system will provide a higher standard of education while improving the educational opportunities for minorities. Due to the recent investigation by the UN into Ontario’s education system, it is appropriate to define what Canadians are entitled to as far as educational rights. The UN proclaims universally that, â€Å"Everyone has the right to education† and that â€Å"education shall be free,† [UN, 1948,Article 26 (1)]. These definitions are very broad and far-reaching, and are rarely adhered to as fundamental human rights. â€Å"Many governments are inclined to define human rights in the manner most convenient to suiting their own political interests. † (Boutros Butros Ghali, 1993). Essentially, there is no benchmark that compels any government education system to provide for a multicultural society. It should be interesting to see what the UN will say about the Canadian education system and whether or not they will set standard in education for a multicultural society such as ours. With no hard and fast guidelines how should the education system in Canada operate in order to become an integrative force in Canada. The most prevailing school of though in Canada regarding education is its standardization and centralization. The provincial Government is responsible for developing and implementing of public education policy as long as they are in power. The Harris government has implemented and proposed many ideas for the centralization and standardization of education in the province of Ontario. These policies are aimed at conserving tax dollars and the elimination of the wasteful bureaucracies infecting our education system. Also the provincial government is taking steps to standardize the level of education received by students in Ontario. Programs like standardized testing for teachers and students as well as the standardization of the curriculum were implemented. These programs are intended to provide all students regardless of race or economic standing in any area of the province and equal opportunity to succeed. These initiatives are part and parcel of increased demand by the Federal government to have Canadian students rise to â€Å"levels equivalent to those achieved by students in Asia and Europe. † (Lightbody, pg. 265) These steps however pay little heed to other cultures in the education system. All courses on history or culture at the high school level are aimed to familiarize students with the traditions, philosophy, literature and history of the western world. Proponents argue that this action is appropriate since our country is based on a democracy founded in European ideals of government. It is also claimed that there would not be enough time in the current school year to educate students on every culture that has contributed to the construction of our society. Proponents for centralization seem to prefer the â€Å"middle of the road approach† when making decisions on curriculum. It is argued that trying to push the subject of multiculturalism too far would actually be a hindrance. Over emphasis of multiculturalism may interfere with a student†s participation in other groups, or worse, hold a child back from expressing his or her individuality. (Ryan 137) In other words, an education system that is equal is equal for all that use it. An all-encompassing education system provides the same level of education for all involved, and should not pay preference to any one individual culture. This type of system has come under fire from groups such as: Natives, isolated communities, minorities, and women†s groups since the system is incapable of attending to their particular needs. For example, the Oakland California School Board’s introduction of a controversial Ebonics policy. This policy was countered immediately with the creation of a bill that would penalize schools who support the instruction of Ebonics by restricting funding. Teaching courses in Ebonics can severely handicap a student in North America. Almost every facet of business, education, and government is conducted in proper English. This is a good example of how an absurd attempt to be considerate towards a minority hinders the progress of the education system. Diversions such as these take the attention away from sensible attempts to structure the education system in a way that benefits everyone fairly (If there is such a thing). In today†s society this type of education does not seem to be a progressive step for Canadians. An example of this is the creation of Affirmative action programs. In the U. S. blacks are experiencing an unemployment rate of nearly twice that of whites, Canadian figures I assume are relatively similar. â€Å"Affirmative action was designed to give qualified minorities a chance to compete on equal footing with whites. These programs create widespread resentment for minorities by Caucasians and thus hindering the development of society. Meanwhile the implementers of these programs ignore the reasons why these programs need to be created. They have even gone as far as claiming, â€Å"Few can argue that racism is still rampant in awarding contracts, jobs, and educational opportunities, even though it†s been proven beneficial to have people of different races with different ideas and different experiences working toward the same goal† (Chappell, 1996) The other school of thought in regards to education is the creation of what is known as a chartered school. A chartered school is run nearly autonomously with little interference by government (other than partial funding) or bureaucracies. It is intended to allow for increased local participation in decision making, and to save money by cutting down on costly administration and foster innovation through competition. (Lawton pg. 23). With competition, schools would have a greater incentive to improve itself in all aspects. Most advances would take place in the creation of new programs, providing access to higher levels of technology, and structuring curriculum with sensitivity to the ethnic make-up in its surrounding area. These schools would be developed and influenced by the parents of the students, teachers, other community members and even corporate sponsors. One of the major benefits of this type of school would be an increased response time in educational demands due to a lack of bureaucratic posturing and unnecessary collective bargaining agreements. Essentially, the organization will perform better since the programs implemented or any decisions made will affect those who make them. Supporters believe that this will hold a charter school accountable for improving and achieving its stated goals. Therefore, a school located in a particularly ethnically rich area can provide a form of education more appropriate culturally for it†s students. If a school is to be successful then it will have to be very aware of the demands placed on it by the area in which it is located. If it is not then it will risk failure. Parents will move their children to another school if they feel that their child is not being provided with an acceptable education. A centralized school system would be unable to respond to local needs due to broad general policies made by distant bureaucrats. These schools however will be partially funded by the government, with more money being allocated to the successful schools who attract more students. Presently there are eight chartered schools operating in Alberta out of a legislated maximum of 15. Other Provincial governments may be considering the implementation of charter schools but the idea is still new in Canada and there are numbers or studies that assess the performance of the existing schools in Alberta. The fundamental hindrance of a charter school is that it serves its community but not the nation. The increased response to community needs may in fact serve to increase the segregation among cultures in Canada. Also, lower income families will not be able to send their children to more successful schools for many reasons such as the cost of transportation and the cost of living in a particular area. The same could possibly apply to different cultures. The opportunity for a culturally rich education may be limited to location, and financial position. The result being that they would be no better off than they are now. The issue of multiculturalism will always plague the education system in Canada. There is no proven method of teaching all the students in a class in a manner that preserves their culture while affording them the same opportunities as everyone else. The centralization of education almost ignores the need for cultural understanding between ethnically different people. It supports itself on the idea that if all schools teach the same thing, students will be afforded the same opportunities. But how does the government decide what is best for each individual? Does majority rule apply in the education system as well? On the other hand the de-centralization of the school system provides for more community oriented schools that strive for improvement through competition. The idea of a problem free multicultural society can not be realized if we draw lines in the sand. We must act for the development of the nation, and the maintenance for the culture. Both views essentially try to answer two important questions asked by Canadians at once. First, how do you reduce the level of bureaucracy and reduce wasted tax dollars. Secondly, they attempt to answer the looming question of equality and the creation of a multicultural society in Canada today. How to cite The Effect of Multiculturalism in Canadian Society, Papers

Executive Summary Development of Nestle Organization

Question: Discuss about the Executive Summary Development of Nestle Organization. Answer: Business in today's contemporary world is considered to be never ending race and there is a vast range of products, shops, showrooms and setups developed so far. The main aim of the presentation is to highlight the key factors which led to the establishment and development of Nestle organization in India since it is a Swiss based company. Hence this entire discussion is supported through appropriate data, observation, analysis and recommendations. The main technique followed to collect the data for presentation was through questioners, surveys, personal interviews, newspapers, internet and personal observation etc. In the following presentation the initial section have provided introduction regarding the organization been chosen and further a brief explanation of various factors of growth and its expansion of subsidiary branches. The next sections of the presentation shows profit generated from India and other branches located in this country. Here the financial analysis is been conducted in order to understand the amount of profit generated in following years and revenue growth down the line. The third section consists of research nature, research methodology, sampling methods and data collection techniques. It talks about the game theory and the Nash Equilibrium concept where Nestle is expected to expand and sell its goods in the market without creating a disturbance of price war in the market. It is usually assumed in this scenario that each competitor in the market individually knows the strategies of other one but at the same time nothing changes as the other remains constant in order to win the market. Till it changes its own strategy; the company itself cannot benefit. Thus Nash Equilibrium is considered as the foundation concept of the Game theory. Further Nestle can test its Nash Equilibrium by choosing its own price and expanding in market. While in section fourth an approach was made to scrutinize the primary data through various statistical and graphical tools and finally in the last section possible recommendations and conclusions were provided in order to justify the entire issue. In case of Nestle we applied Payoff Matrix theory with every individual competitor like ITC, HUL and GSK .If we put ITC and Nestle in case of price comparison in the payoff matrix then ITC is likely to win at times because it maintains a better price than Nestle .At the same time if Indo Nissan is taken for noodles comparison then Nestle is winning the market segment in this sector. So this is how the calculation on the basis of competitors and geographical distribution is explained in the PPT. The following presentation is a brief summary regarding Nestle India and its main purpose is to highlight the significant factors of growth .The Company was founded by Henry Nestle in 1866.The term Nestle was basically derived from a German word Little Nestle. Its first customer was a little kid who could neither handle his mother's breast milk nor tolerate any other substitutes. The first slide provides a short introduction about the company itself and its other subsidiary branches across India while the rest of the points deal with company head and its establishment in India. Basically it is a Switzerland based company but it generates huge revenue from India itself. The revenue of Nestle India is mainly confined to Noodles although the company has a huge range of products .The rest of the slides deals with the unique selling point of Nestle and these unique points finally led to growth of the company in India. The further slides in the ppt states the performance of the company in the coming years and present .After analyzing the financial situation the performance was calculated over the stipulated time period. Thus a calculation was done on gross sales, operating profit, net growth profit and earnings per share. Meanwhile other slides talks about expansion of the company in the Indian market with respect to growth and profit of the company. The remaining slides deal with research, development and discussion with regards to market sales and product innovation. The company engages in Cooperate Social Responsibilities and along with that continuous innovative techniques are also taken care in all possible manners. Even the quality of manufactured products are been mentioned in the later slides. There are various possible factors discussed throughout the presentation and it will help us to understand the increase of revenue of the company. The presentation has clearly held the CEO of the company responsible for its increase in growth. A brief description of his career journey has been mentioned including his other achievements. This clearly demonstrates his contribution in building the company pillars in India. Even the growth of the company is been decided through various parameters .At the same time a detailed research is presented on the revenue generated by noodle over last few years. Rural growth is also discussed and this growth is also a major factor for company's expansion . The motive of this presentation is making the audience understand various factors and causes of growth of Nestle. The progress of the company is discussed in later slides also shows creation and formation of prosperity on sustainable and regular basis. Nestle has played an important role in India's growth and the later discussions in the further slides depicts the same therefore this company is successful in building its relationship with people of India .Hence high level of trust and commitment has been witnessed so far. The organization activates in India and it has provided indirect and direct job opportunities and livelihood to at least a million suppliers, farmers and other service workers. The company tries to pay attention and put best efforts to understand changing lifestyles of India and anticipate needs of consumer so that it can deliver taste, health, nutrition and wellness through its manufactured products. The tradition of innovation and renovation inside the organization and access to NESTL Group's proprietary technology/Brands expertise and the extensive centralized Research and Development provides a significant advantage in this effort. Further it also helps the organization to generate value which can be maintained over longer duration by providing the consumers a wide range of high quality and safe products in affordable rates. The organization has its Research Development unit located in almost all the major parts of the world. Further in India it has developed its RD unit in Mane sar .This unit will add great value to other regions of South Asia with respect to the prospective of the regional focus..Due to launch of RD unit in India the development will happen in much higher rate. Moreover it will help the company to induce valuable local concepts for better generation of revenue. Over the years Nestle has established its grassroots in India due its better policies and explanation. Today it has captured the FMCG market of India in all respect and especially in case of noodles. The entire presentation was made with a strong motive in order to acknowledge the marketing strategy, revenue generation and growth factors of Nestle Company. These factors are generally responsible for maintaining the brand value of any company. The presentation is basically dedicated to the efforts of the company to establish its business in India. Each slide is focused on each factor and hence it provides a detailed explanation about each feature.

Review Sheet Excercise free essay sample

Ensures that deportation proceeds In an orderly manner from atria to ventricles ; accelerates and coordinates earth activity to effectively pump blood. Electrocardiography 3. Define EGG. Recording of electrical changes occurring during heart actively 4. Draw an EGG wave form representing one heartbeat. Label the P,SIRS, and T waves: P-R interval: the segment, and the Q-T interval. 5. Why does heart rate increase during running? Exercise raises heart rate by acting through the sympathetic nervous system.Sympathetic nerve fibers release morphogenesis on the heart and the pace maker fires more rapidly. 6. Describe what happens in the cardiac cycle in the following the heart is in relaxation (diastole) situations. 1 . 2. Popularization of the arteries 3. Contraction of the aria 4. deportation of the ventricles contraction of the ventricles 6. Revitalization of the ventricles 7. Define the following terms 1 . Tachycardia: Heart rate over 100 beats/minute 2. Radically: Heart rate below 60 beats/Emanuel 3. Fibrillation: Very rapid uncoordinated myocardial activity 8. Which would be more serious, trial or ventricular fibrillation? Ventricular fibrillation. We will write a custom essay sample on Review Sheet Excercise or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The ventricles have major responsibility for ejecting blood from the heart 9. Abnormalities of the heart valves can be detected more accurately by auscultation than by electrocardiography. Why Is this so? Most often serious valve problems can be detected (heard) with a stethoscope.However, since valves are not part of deportation pathway of the heart, their Inefficiency would not be reached on an EGG, Review Sheet Exercise 31: Conduction System of the Heart and Electrocardiography By begetter Node. AS node, VA Node, VA Bundle, left and right bundle branches, Purging fibers At what structure in the transmission sequence is the impulse delayed? VA Node Allows completion of trial contraction before initiation of ventricular systole. 2. Even though cardiac muscle has an inherent ability to beat. He nodal system plays a critical role in heart physiology.What is that role? Ensures that deportation proceeds in an orderly manner from atria to ventricles ; accelerates and coordinates Recording of electrical changes occurring during heart activity 4. Draw an EGG wave form representing one heartbeat. Label the P,SIRS, and T waves: P-R interval; the S-T 1. Tachycardia: Heart rate over 100 beats/minute 2. Brickyard: Heart rate below 60 beats/minute than by electrocardiography. Why is this so? Most often serious valve problems can deportation pathway of the heart, their inefficiency would not be reached on an EGG.

Logic gates Essays - Logic Families, Integrated Circuits

Logic gates Essays - Logic Families, Integrated Circuits Logic gates A logic gate performs a logical operation on one or more logic inputs and produces a single logic output. The logic is called Boolean logic and is most commonly found in digital circuits. Logic gates are primarily implemented electronically using diodes or transistors, but can also be constructed using electromagnetic relays (relay logic), fluidic logic, pneumatic logic, optics, molecules, or even mechanical elements. The simplest form of electronic logic is diode logic. This allows AND and OR gates to be built, but not inverters, and so is an incomplete form of logic. Further, without some kind of amplification it is not possible to have such basic logic operations cascaded as required for more complex logic functions. To build a functionally complete logic system, relays, valves (vacuum tubes), or transistors can be used. The simplest family of logic gates using bipolar transistors is called resistor-transistor logic (RTL). Unlike diode logic gates, RTL gates can be cascaded indefinitely to produce more complex logic functions. These gates were used in early integrated circuits. For higher speed, the resistors used in RTL were replaced by diodes, leading to diode-transistor logic (DTL). Transistor-transistor logic (TTL) then supplanted DTL with the observation that one transistor could do the job of two diodes even more quickly, using only half the space. In virtually every type of contemporary chip implementation of digital systems, the bipolar transistors have been replaced by complementary field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) to reduce size and power consumption still further, thereby resulting in complementary metal?oxide?semiconductor (CMOS) logic. For small-scale logic, designers now use prefabricated logic gates from families of devices such as the TTL 7400 series by Texas Instruments and the CMOS 4000 series by RCA, and their more recent descendants. Increasingly, these fixed-function logic gates are being replaced by programmable logic devices, which allow designers to pack a large number of mixed logic gates into a single integrated circuit. The field-programmable nature of programmable logic devices such as FPGAs has removed the 'hard' property of hardware; it is now possible to change the logic design of a hardware system by reprogramming some of its components, thus allowing the features or function of a hardware implementation of a logic system to be changed. Electronic logic gates differ significantly from their relay-and-switch equivalents. They are much faster, consume much less power, and are much smaller (all by a factor of a million or more in most cases). Also, there is a fundamental structural difference. The switch circuit creates a continuous metallic path for current to flow (in either direction) between its input and its output. The semiconductor logic gate, on the other hand, acts as a high-gain voltage amplifier, which sinks a tiny current at its input and produces a low-impedance voltage at its output. It is not possible for current to flow between the output and the input of a semiconductor logic gate. Another important advantage of standardised integrated circuit logic families, such as the 7400 and 4000 families, is that they can be cascaded. This means that the output of one gate can be wired to the inputs of one or several other gates, and so on. Systems with varying degrees of complexity can be built without great concern of the designer for the internal workings of the gates, provided the limitations of each integrated circuit are considered. The output of one gate can only drive a finite number of inputs to other gates, a number called the 'fanout limit'. Also, there is always a delay, called the 'propagation delay', from a change in input of a gate to the corresponding change in its output. When gates are cascaded, the total propagation delay is approximately the sum of the individual delays, an effect which can become a problem in high-speed circuits. Additional delay can be caused when a large number of inputs are connected to an output, due to the distributed capacitance of all the inputs and wiring and the finite amount of current that each output can provide.

The temperature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The temperature - Essay Example Energy can transform from one form to another and it can also be transferred between different mediums. When a man floats in cold water whose temperature is significantly lower than his own body temperature, the energy flows from his body into the water. Consequentially, the man starts to become colder while the water around his body starts to rise in temperature. When this happens, its not heat that is transferred, rather it is the man’s internal energy. â€Å"...heat and internal energy are two quite different things; the energy associated with microscopic motions and forces is internal energy, not heat† (Reynolds and Perkins cited in Watson, 2010). The term renewable fuel is used for natural resources which reform faster than they are consumed. Various physical and biogeochemical processes are involved in the replenishment of natural resources (Think Quest, n.d.). According to this definition of renewable fuels, almost all types of resources are renewable resources. Humans need to adopt ways that would allow those resources to replenish faster than the rate at which they consume them. Nevertheless, this is not always possible, particularly with resources such as oil and coal which take too long to replenish. Alternate renewable resources include water, solar power, air and

Porter Novelli or Southern Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Porter Novelli or Southern Company - Case Study Example This essay demonstrates that the CTO felt this was fundamentally appropriate for specific and full performance definition roles. Performance management and selection applications would be built on the foundation of work results definitions (Goldsmith and Carter, 2010). Drotter requires the same explicit definitions of management and leadership results by level as financial and customer results, making these accountabilities far more specific, examinable, and therefore, understandable to employees. The down - to - earth, application - based approach demystifies leaders and supports the introduction of basic designs to explain both activities. Corporate leaders have traditionally relinquished talent strategy to market forces or left it to their human resources departments to oversee (Aguirre et al 2010). Any company that aspires to maintain competitiveness in the world must use strategic implementation methods on talent (Aguirre, Hewlett & Post 2010). In return, regarding their appropr iate reward, leaders are presented with many expectations. They are required to be strategic thinkers, joining dynamic vision to the chutzpah in order to produce significant change. They also need to be on the sensitive side, on look to the intricacies of political arguments, and able to persuade egos, soothe workers and court widely known acclaim in the media. It is a demanding order and one vexes the thoughts of many as it orients how effective to portray the concept of Porter Novelli without irrelevancy.

Literacy essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Literacy - Essay Example clearly put the whole justice system into a question; whether the evidence of ‘crime’ is the sole criteria of declaring guilty of the prime suspect and whether the crime should be seen from a wider perspectives? The story revolves around the place of crime where ‘Minnie Foster or Mrs. Wright as she is now called’ is accused of murdering her husband. Peter Hale, along with Sheriff and County Attorney visit the house to get the ‘feel’ of the murder and gather clue that might have led to it. Sheriff’s wife and Mrs. Hale also accompany them as some personal items were needed by the Mrs. Wright, who was in custody. While the men folk wander around the scene of the crime, the women remain in the kitchen and try to interpret the events by observing small things that was out of sync with the general way, women work in the house and kitchen. When they notice a block of the quilt that was very different from the rest and looked ‘as if the distracted thoughts of the woman who had perhaps turned to it to try and quiet herself were communicating themselves to her’ (Glaspell, 1993). Both the women perceive the signs that would have been emotionally disturbing for Mrs. Wright, the accused. Finally, when they find the dead canary in the sewing box, they hide the evidence that would have conclusively implicated Mrs. Wright and in their own way, try to give justice to the woman who might have been forced to commit the crime and knew that she would be denied justice if the men found the ‘evidence’! In the literary analysis of the short story by Elaine Hedges that was published in a leading international journal of Women’s studies in 1986, Hedge’s interpretation of the story became highly relevant because they brought into focus the weakness of the legal system that relies heavily on the machinations of ‘evidences’. It also highlights a very pertinent observation in the investigative techniques that are adopted by the two genders. While men like to

Electronic Surveillance in Intelligence Services

Electronic Surveillance in Intelligence Services Overview It will be argued that the increased use of electronic surveillance is unlikely to lead to the demise of human intelligence sources, this assignment will show that the two will work together and that regulation will ensure that that they will both enhance each other. It will be suggested that these two types of surveillance will continue to work alongside each other, which each being more useful in differing circumstances and therefore electronic surveillance will not replace the need for human intelligence. Main Body In recent years a combination of developing technology, concern about confession evidence and the changing nature of, especially, financial and drug-related crime has led the police and other law enforcement agencies to adopt increasingly sophisticated and intrusive, methods of investigation. Much of this has been largely hidden from public view and unregulated. Incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights by the Human Rights Act 1998 will mean that privacy can only lawfully be interfered with if it is necessary to do so, and if it is carried out in accordance with law. The common law approach that the police can do what they want as long it is not prohibited by law is no longer acceptable. The Government introduced legislation or risk exclusion of evidence and challenge in both domestic courts and the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). The result is the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Bill, covering the interception of communications, the power to demand communica tions data and decryption of unintelligible material, the use of covert operations and surveillance, and establishing a tribunal to deal with complaints. The scope of the warrant procedure is significantly expanded by the Bill since it will now include interceptions of private telecommunications systems, and will clearly cover the interception of mobile telephones, e-mails, and other computer communications. Under s. 26(3) of the RIPA intrusive surveillance occurs when a surveillance device is used or an individual is actually present on residential premises, or in a private vehicle, or it is carried out by such a device in relation to such premises or vehicle without being present on the premises or vehicle. Residential is defined in s. 48(1) of the RIPA as premises used as living accommodation, while premises includes movable structures and land. The definition excludes common areas of residential premises and clearly does not cover office premises (s. 48(7)(b)). Thus, covert surveillance of office premises falls within the term directed, rather than intrusive, surveillance. Section 26(3), read with s. 48(7), offers only a partial definition since it would cover all forms of covert surveillance taking place in relation to residential premises. Some forms of such surveillance can be treated as directed surveillance, as indicated below, and it is in relation to residential premises that an area of uncertainty is created as to the category into which surveillance falls. Under s. 32(3) of the RIPA authorisation of intrusive surveillance is on the grounds of the interests of national security, for the purpose of preventing or detecting serious crime or of preventing disorder, in the interests of the economic well-being of the UK. Proportionality requirements are introduced under s. 32(2): the authorising person must be satisfied that the action to be taken is proportionate to what is hoped to be achieved by carrying it out. Authorisations for such surveillance are granted by the Home Secretary under s. 41 or, for police or customs officers, by senior authorising officers, who are the highest ranking police officers. There is provision for the grant of authorisations in a case of urgency by persons of equally high rank, other than the senior authorising officer. (Christie v United Kingdom 78-A DRE Com HR 119) Under s. 36, the authorisation will not take effect until it has been approved, except where it is urgent and the grounds for urgency are set out in the notice, in which case the authorisation will take effect from the time of its grant. Under s. 38 senior authorising officers can appeal to the Chief Surveillance Commissioner against decisions of ordinary Surveillance Commissioners. The Commissioners have responsibility for the destruction of material obtained by surveillance, under s. 37, but there is no requirement that material no longer needed for proceedings and no longer subject to an authorisation must be destroyed. The provisions for authorisations under ss 33, 34, 35 and 36 mirror those under the Police Act 1997, Part III in that, under s. 35, notice must be given to a Surveillance Commissioner and, under s. 36, the authorisation will not take effect until it has been approved, except where it is urgent and the grounds for urgency are set out in the notice, in which case the authorisation will take effect from the time of its grant. Under s. 38 senior authorising officers can appeal to the Chief Surveillance Commissioner against decisions of ordinary Surveillance Commissioners. The Commissioners have responsibility for the destruction of material obtained by surveillance, under s. 37, but there is no requirement that material no longer needed for proceedings and no longer subject to an authorisation must be destroyed. Under s. 43 authorisations can be granted or renewed urgently orally by senior authorising officers or in writing by persons authorised to act on their behalf in urgent cases. If , under s. 43(3)(a), an authorisation is granted or renewed by a person entitled to act only in urgent cases, or was renewed by such a person or orally, it ceases to take effect after 72 hours. Section 42 provides special rules for the intelligence services which overlap with those of s. 5 of the Intelligence Services Act 1994. Under s. 42 the security and intelligence services can undertake intrusive surveillance on grant of a warrant. The grounds are under s. 32(3). As far as intrusive surveillance is concerned, the function of the services in support of the prevention or detection of serious crime is excluded where the application is by a member of GCHQ or the SIS. Under s. 44(3) a warrant authorising intrusive surveillance issued by a senior official, and not renewed under the hand of the Secretary of State, shall cease to have effect at the end of the second working day after its issue. In the case of other warrants that point will be at the end of a period of six months from t he day of issue or renewal. As is obvious from the most cursory examination of RIPA, the distinction between intrusive and directed procedures will be significant in all cases of covert activity because the level of authorisation required and the triggering conditions differ substantially. In the case of the police cell it is crucial, yet RIPA fails to provide an explicit classification of the cell in these terms. It is particularly disappointing that Parliament failed to pre-empt challenges to such an apparently widespread police practice by providing a definitive answer to this problem. It seems bizarre that in interpreting such a recent statute expressly designed to regulate covert activity the matter turns on peripheral matters of definition. The confusion on this point in RIPA cannot be underestimated: the Court of Appeal in Mason called for urgent clarification of whether the police cell is now governed by intrusive or directed surveillance under RIPA. Although the new Code of Practice issued under s. 71 of RIPA now suggests that cell bugging is intrusive surveillance, this is such an important issue for the suspect and apparently such a commonplace police technique that it is submitted that it ought to be dealt with on the face of the statute. The use of human beings to provide information is a valuable resource for the protection of the public and the maintenance of law and order. In order that local authorities and law enforcement agencies are able to discharge their responsibilities, use is made of ‘undercover’ officers and informants. These are referred to as ‘covert human intelligence sources’ or ‘sources’ and the area of work of undercover officers and informants to whom this procedure applies will be referred to as ‘source work.’ In 1999 the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) and HM Customs and Excise published a set of Codes of Practice on Standards in Covert Law Enforcement Techniques. The Codes have no legal basis but are recognised by the police, HM Customs and Excise and the Government as providing authoritative guidelines, and these replace previous guidance issued by the Home Office. (See (www.homeoffice.gov.uk/ripa/ripact.htm).) As the accompanying Declaration on ethical standards and covert investigative techniques states, the working practices set out in the Codes seek to achieve a balance between the requirement to work within a defined framework for the safeguarding of civil liberties and the maintenance of a robust approach to the tackling of crime and criminality. In its reduced form the substance of this statement is a desire to ensure that covert techniques are fair and effective. (Murfield: 2001) Section 3 of this Code, Surveillance in or into Public Places, is of relevance to the type of operation considered here. This section is applicable to the planned deployment of covert surveillance resources against the public at large, in order to meet a particular law enforcement need, or against specified individuals in public places where no interference with property is intended. The Code goes on to provide that: Before giving authorisations for surveillance into public places where no unlawful interference with property is proposed, the authorising officer must be satisfied that the proposed surveillance is a reasonable means of achieving the desired result. Manna from heaven operations provide an opportunity to manipulate a combination of circumstances which may lead to an offence being committed. According to the widely accepted routine activity theory, offending is determined by the convergence in space and time of three factors: (i) a likely offender, (ii) a suitable target and (iii) the absence of a capable guardian. In the light of this obvious concerns arise over the planning of this type of operation as the police have varying degrees of control over all three factors. By choosing the location of the operation they have some influence over who may be exposed to the temptation offered, also over the presence of a capable guardian, and they have absolute control over the target, i.e. the type and value of the property used. The 1997 and 2000 Acts require the Chief Surveillance Commissioner to keep under review (with the assistance of the Surveillance Commissioners and Assistant Surveillance Commissioners) the performance of functions under Part III of the 1997 Act and Part II of the 2000 Act by the police (including the Royal Navy Regulating Branch, the Royal Military Police and the Royal Air Force Police and the Ministry of Defence Police and the British Transport Police), NCIS, the NCS, HMCE and of the 2000 Act the other public authorities listed in Schedule 1 and in Northern Ireland officials of the Ministry of Defence and HM Forces. The Intelligence Services Commissioners remit is to provide independent oversight of the use of the powers contained within Part II of the 2000 Act and the 1994 Act by the Security Service, Secret Intelligence Service, GCHQ and the Ministry of Defence and HM Forces (excluding the Royal Navy Regulating Branch, the Royal Military Police and the Royal Air Force Police, and in Northern Ireland officials of the Ministry of Defence. It is important to consider the effect that the human rights has on both electronic surveillance and human surveillance and its conflict with the RIPA. The substantive rights of Schedule 1 to the HRA may be said to fall into two groups. The first, which includes Article 6, covers a number of fundamental rights; they include the right to liberty under Article 5, the right to a fair hearing under Article 6(1); the presumption of innocence under Article 6(2); minimum rights applicable to everyone charged with a criminal offence under Article 6(3), including the rights to legal assistance of his own choosing and to examine or have examined witnesses against him and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him. Articles 8-11 and Protocols 1 and 6 may be said to cover a more developed conception of human rights; the rights provided include the right to respect for privacy under Article 8, and rights to the freedoms o f expression, association and assembly under Articles 10 and 11. Articles 8-11 indicate a structured approach to state interference with the guarantees. To be justified, such interference must be prescribed by law, have a legitimate aim, be necessary in a democratic society and be applied in a non-discriminatory fashion (Article 14). (Uglow: 1995) The European Court of Human Rights main concern has been with the necessary in a democratic society requirement; the notion of prescribed by law has been focused upon to some extent but usually with the result that it has been found to be satisfied. (See Malone v UK (1985) 7 EHRR 14) The legitimate aim requirement will normally be readily satisfied; as Harris, OBoyle and Warbrick point out, the grounds for interference (under paragraph 2 of Articles 8-11) are so wide that the state can usually make a plausible case that it did have a good reason for interfering with the right. (Harris et al, 1995 at p290) As has been demonstrated the use of electronic surveillance is complicated and heavily regulated. However it is useful and can work alongside covert human intelligent. It is worthy of considering some of the technicalities of the two forms of surveillance. There are some difficulties with electronics such as that it may not work and it can fail. However this can also be a problem with human covert surveillance in so far as the operations can fail, and the potential defendant can fail to be present, therefore there are equal difficulties with both of these methods of surveillance. Covert Human Surveillance will still require corroboration and can prove to be unreliable. The other difficulty that is raised in relation to covert human surveillance is its interaction with the human rights act. In the case of R v Lawrence, Hope, Stapleton, Stapleton, Bravard and May (3 August 2002, CA) this was considered. This was a case of VAT fraud, involving a loss of  £ 11 million. Evidence had been obtained by a covert surveillance device or probe which had been authorised under Pt III of the Police Act 1997. The appellants submitted before the Court of Appeal that the probe was a breach of Art 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights and that the provisions in the Police Act concerning intrusive surveillance were incompatible with the Convention. Dismissing the appeal, the court held that the probe did not breach Art 8. Covert surveillance was compatible with the Convention where it was authorised by law; such authority was provided by the Police Act. The surveillance was necessary in a democratic society for the prevention of disorder or crime. It was also proportionate. Article 8(2) was therefore complied with. The Police Act 1997 has been overtaken by Pt II of RIPA, which introduces regulatory procedures for various forms of surveillance which, until now, have had no basis in statute. RIPA provides for more stringent scrutiny than the Police Act. However, as with the Police Act and Art 8, Pt II of RIPA provides for no restriction on the use of evidence so obtained. Rather, RIPA is concerned with the various forms of surveillance described in s 26. Once authorised under s 27, the s 26 surveillance will be lawful in relation to that authorisation. Sections 28, 29 and 32 require that the covert surveillance be necessary and proportionate. Therefore in conclusion it is argued that the increased use of electronic surveillance is unlikely to lead to the demise of human intelligence sources, this assignment that the two work well together and that they are both heavily regulated. Regulation will ensure that the two will work together and that they will both enhance each other. It is suggested that these two types of surveillance will continue to work alongside each other, which each being more useful in differing circumstances Bibliography Cases Christie v United Kingdom 78-A DRE Com HR 119 Malone v UK (1985) 7 EHRR 14 R v Lawrence, Hope, Stapleton, Stapleton, Bravard and May (3 August 2002, CA) Legislation Intelligence Services Act 1994 Police Act 1997 Regulation of Investigatory Powers 2000 Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Covert Surveillance: Code Of Practice) Order 2002 (SI 2002 NO. 1933) Journal Articles S. Uglow, Covert Surveillance And The Echr [1999] Crim Lr 287. D. J. Harris, M. Oboyle and C. Warbrick, Law Of The European Convention On Human Rights (1995) At 290 P. Mirfield, Regulation Of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (2): The Evidence Provisions [2001] Crim Lr 91 Books Feldman, Civil Liberties and Human Rights in England and Wales (2nd edn, 2002); S H Bailey, D J Harris D C Ormerod, Civil Liberties, Cases and Materials (5th edn, 2001); N Whitty, T Murphy S Livingstone, Civil Liberties Law: The Human Rights Act Era;

Computer Aided Learning: The way of the Future? :: Essays Papers

Computer Aided Learning: The way of the Future? As you look around at classrooms these days you may notice a trend. Computers are becoming more and more frequent each year. Teachers are using the latest technology to run power point presentations, streaming videos, and simulations that were never possible before. It ha becomes the new hallmark of teaching, allowing teachers to do more then ever thought possible. Companies have jumped on the bandwagon, selling aid to teachers and students. You can buy software for just about anything now a days. I know I had software for the SAT and ACT test that help considerably. But when do we have too much of a good thing? This is the debate that companies are going through, as well. Companies now have the choice of using normal human training or Computer-based training (CBT). Both have their advantages. Computer-based Training uses computer programs to teach without aid of a human instructor. Thus, you can get more people "efficiently" trained when they join the company, rather then waiting for the next training session. The premise of CBT, as stated by R. Scott Lawson in "Computer based training: is the next wave?", is an effective training medium. He goes on to say "Since the trainee directs his/her own progress through the material and actively participates by responding to prompts and questions, s/he pays greater attention to the subject matter." (Lawson sec.1 par.3) Also in this article Mr. Lawson describes the process of a CBT. The CBT gives a Pre-test. This test judge how much the trainee already knows on the subject matter. This pre-test helps the program customize itself for the trainee. Also test are taken to periodically to test the progress of the trainee. Another advantage of CBT is the bookmark feature. This allows you to stop and start the training at any time and get back to it later. Also you can customize your CBT program with company specific information, videos, and objectives. (Lawson sec. 2) The hopes of CBT are that the trainees retain the knowledge better then if taught by a human. In the article "Computer training vs. human instruction," by Holly Ann Suzik, Roger C. Schank was quoted as saying, "By and large, [human teachers] stand up in front of you and yak at you. And every body falls asleep. The sense that live humans are better teachers is a nice myth, because we don’t want to change.

Debbie Spring’s “The Kayak” Essay

The story ‘The Kayak’ interprets the life of a 16 year old girl, Theresa, who is still yet a baby. Her desire of becoming a woman remains unfulfilled un till she meets a boy named Jamie. When I read the story, so much sympathy for Theresa arose inside me. I feel closest to Theresa in comparison with the other two characters. When I was reading this story I was thinking about the level of patience Theresa has towards life, after what she has been through. Theresa is very insecure, dependant and helpless. As you read this story, you will come to see why Theresa is insecure. â€Å"This is my special place. Out here, I feel secure† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 33) Theresa’s special place is in water where she feels secure but on land, it is the total opposite. Another reason that proves my point is â€Å"I’m not used to talking to a guy, I never had a boyfriend, who would be interested in me?† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 36). This shows that Theresa had low self-esteem, caused by the condition of life has bestowed upon her by taking away the power from her legs. Theresa is so used to her insecurity that no matter what the circumstances are, her insecurity will pop up and take control. â€Å"Jamie puts his hand on my shoulder ‘Would you like to join me and my friends at a campfire tonight?’ ‘I don’t need pity’ I retort.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 37). Theresa thinks that nothing good can happen to her because of her past. When something is happening well, she will feel as if it too good to be true and thus ignore or hide from it. That is why Theresa’s insecurity is one of the most noticed character traits in the story. Along with insecurity, readers also perceive dependence as one of Theresa’s character traits. She feels incomplete on land and nothing is in her control, but yet as she gets closer into the ware pieces of puzzle seem to come into place to complete her. â€Å"The blue boat is an extension of my legs, I can do anything, I can go anywhere, totally independent, totally in control of myself.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak  .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 33). In the water Theresa is woman, a heroine who can save the life of others, while on land she can barely take care of her own self. † ‘Thanks for saving my skin’ Jamie says. ‘Next time, wear a lifejacket.’ Jamie doesn’t’t flinch. ‘You’re right. That was dumb.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 36). In various parts of the story, you can observe that no matter how Theresa wanted to rid herself from being dependent on her parents all the time, the trap doesn’t’t let her free. â€Å"My arms ache, I don’t want to go back to shore. Nobody lets me grow up. My parents treat me like a baby. I’m 16 years old, to old to pampered, already a woman.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 33). Theresa would love nothing more than being able to feel land, what she feels on water. Helplessness is another character trait of Theresa. Helplessness is the worst you can feel because you want to do something under any situation whatsoever, but you just are not able to do so. Theresa does feel helpless in the story a lot. â€Å"Half the kayak is on land, the rest in the water, I feel trapped, like a beached whale.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 36). After reading this sentence, I felt the depth of her pain and how it tortures her everyday, yet being able to do nothing to help her self. â€Å"I see my parents waving from shore. My father runs in the ware to help. Everything happens really fast, he takes control.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 36). She feels so helpless because she is not able to walk, so her father has to come funning to help her. Another place in the story she feels helpless is â€Å"My eyes water. Through tears, I see two images of me. The helpless child on land and the independent woman on water.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 37). That sentence shows that not only the readers conceive her helpless but she does also. I think that the author Debbie Spring did a pretty good job in expressing Theresa’s characteristics. This story ‘The Kayak’ also sprinkles around most aspects of life along with hinting out a big moral. It has some many  interesting lessons, a person can conceive such as the relationship between a parent and a child, how to overcome you biggest pains in life, in being able to let go and moving on, to see the bright side of life, seeing the glass half full and etc. I think that Theresa is a really brave and emotional character. Debbie Spring made us see everything by Theresa’s perspective, the way she feels by using first person narrator. I think if she would have done it otherwise, such as 2nd or 3rd person narrator to tell the same story, it wouldn’t’t have been as interesting as this on.

APPLES GLOBAL EFFECTS AND VIEWS Essays - Steve Jobs, IOS, ITunes

APPLES GLOBAL EFFECTS AND VIEWS Essays - Steve Jobs, IOS, ITunes APPLES GLOBAL EFFECTS AND VIEWS JULY 6, 2015 FIN 419 MICHELE HUSS Introduction The only way to do great work is to love what you do. (Jobs, 2015) Steve Jobs knew that his baby, Apple INC., would be a success as long as he worked hard and never gave up. From the very first product, the APPLE I (Apple I, 2015) to the many products today, Apple has been a success in the innovation department. Today Apples worth is more than any other company within the United States and its not hurting in the foreign companies either. Apple has many stores around the world and with some of the new products that its developing it will stay that way. Even though weakness are not public knowledge, regulatory bodies and contemporary issues because takes knowledge from agencies and applies them to their decision making and challenges that are faced and dealt with to better the company's outside perspective. How Apples Global Investment Banking Process has assisted the Organization? The company has changed music forever and had a big impact on publishingand now it's taking aim at a growing segment of the financial sector (Roberti, 2014). Apple is constantly making changes in every sector and now in the global investment banking process. On September 9th, 2014 Apple launched Apple pay. Apple pay is an alternative way for consumers who own the latest technology to pay using their Apple device. Customers can download the Apple pay APP and then input their credit card information, either MasterCard or Visa and with one little wave of the device checkout is done! Global investment banking, is a type of banking that creates capital for not only the company but for the investing bank as well. The investing bank also will aid in the process of trades, mergers with institution and public investors. As in relation to Apple, Apple pay creates capital for their partners MasterCard, Visa and American Express. When customers input their information it is causing customers to use their credit card thus creating capital for the bank. This has assisted Apple with making relationships with banks in order for them to receive capital. Investment banks are happy with Apple, because global sells has been higher than estimated. In 2013 AppleInsider.com reports Apple sold 50 million in sales for just the IPhone which is higher than estimated. Apples steady growth has opened them up for new relationships globally. Apple now has global relationships all over the globe with their technology advanced products. Explain how regulatory bodies affect financial decision making Regulatory bodies are defined as Government body formed or mandated under the terms of a legislative act (statute) to ensure compliance with the provisions of the act, and in carrying out its purpose ("Regulatory Body", 2015). There are numerous government regulatory bodies that influence decisions that are made in the business world, both international and domestic. The government regulatory bodies we expect, but there are other private regulatory bodies that can influence or change a financial decision. Government regulatory committees can make it more expensive for businesses such as Apple to operate by imposing strict guidelines in which a business is taxed and can have stipulations imposed on their business. Apple is a global organization that makes many of their financial decisions based on regulatory bodies or agencies such as the Securities Exchange Committee, Federal Reserve Board and World Trade Organization. When different regulatory bodies all influence how Apple makes its decisions as they have to take the regulations into consideration, allowing for room for their organization to grow. Many of the financial decisions have to do with who they can afford to conduct business with, a partnership for aspects of their business cannot be viewed as negative. By doing this the regulatory agencies can impose penalties and fines that could cost more than that relationship was worth. Apple has experienced the level of financial success because they take every aspect in to considerat ion before they make decisions that could impact their business for years to come. There are private regulatory bodies in the business world, businesses need to pay close attention so that they follow the rules in the private sector. One of the different regulatory bodies that Apple interacts with are the

Government Funding Stem Cell Research Essay Example

Government Funding Stem Cell Research Essay Example Government Funding Stem Cell Research Essay Government Funding Stem Cell Research Essay Stem cell research is a comparatively new scientific discipline that is the beginning of much medical promise yet much contention every bit good. The type of root cells required. embryologic root cells. are merely gettable one manner: through the devastation of human embryos. In 1996. the Dickey-Wicker Amendment was passed. doing the authorities unable to fund any research where human embryos are created or destroyed. At first the amendment was a minor obstruction the authorities had to work about to still acquire the root cell scientists the money they needed. It wasn’t until August 23. 2010 that Judge Lamberth’s opinion halted all authorities support for root cell research. Today. root cell research does non have authorities financess as the research. though potentially life-saving. crosses moral and spiritual barriers that inhibit its growing as a scientific discipline and as a gateway towards future medical discoveries. With the opposing statements in head. I feel the authorities should fund root cell research as making so will assist rush up the research procedure and acquire us closer to salvaging lives and stoping human agony. There are two types of root cells. grownup root cells ( found in grownups ) and embryologic root cells ( found in embryos ) . Although both possess at least some ability to retroflex and develop into mature specialized cells. such as skin cells. bosom cells. or nervus cells. the grownup root cells are much less legion than embryologic and by and large much more limited in the types of cells they can organize. Embryonic root cells are pluripotent. intending that they can organize any sort of tissue and any type of cell. : Embryonic root cells are presently non used for medical interventions yet are the beginning of much medical promise in the close hereafter. Gettable merely through the devastation of human embryos. embryologic root cells can be viewed as life rescuers or the merchandises of life devastation. A type of grownup root cell. the haematopoietic root cell. is already widely used to handle leukaemia ; in fact. they are the lone sort of root cells presently used to handle diseases. Though past and current applications of root cell therapy with worlds may look a spot underwhelming. scientists around the Earth agree that root cell research is worth the attending and will convey much alleviation to victims of many diseases. The chief ground for authorities non to fund root cell research is that it financess or at least encourages the devastation of human embryos. Judge Lamberth severed the government’s loophole used to fund root cell research. appealing to the legion United States citizens who do non desire their revenue enhancement dollars traveling towards the devastation of human embryos. Judge Lamberth concludes that the fact that embryonic-stem-cell research involves multiple stairss does non intend that each measure is a separate piece of research’ that may be federally funded. provided the measure does non ensue in the devastation of an embryo’ ( Keiper ) . The issue here arises from the belief that human embryos are possible worlds. and hence. the devastation of human embryos should be considered the devastation of human life. Adam Keiper. the editor of the New Atlantis. provinces that presuming the incalculable moral significance of human life. was surely the purpose of the Dickey-Wicker Amendment. and should be the purpose of any nice society ( Keiper ) . He believes that the authorities should non fund root cell research regardless of which portion of the research it is funding ; such support of any research that involves the procedure of the devastation of human embryos. or possible human existences ( as some may see them ) . incentivizes merely that. With that in head. one’s place on the root cell research may be decided on merely weighing the possible lives saved by carry oning the research with the possible lives saved by non carry oning the research. That determination relies to a great extent on one’s ethical motives. spiritual beliefs. and whether or non human embryos should be considered possible worlds existences. Many embryos created through in-virto fertilisation ( IVF ) . a procedure that replicates construct. are neer used by the patients of the IVF Bankss ; they are spares and would neer go worlds without the consent of the parents of the embryo. or embryos. To reply the inquiry of whether or non human embryos should be considered possible human beings . one must first reply the inquiry: What makes a human? A simple reply to the inquiry would be anything that. under the right conditions. could go a human. However. the important measure in the development of a homo is the determination of the parent ; without parental consent. those trim embryos will neer go worlds. Therefore. the embryos have no hereafter as a individual and should non be seen as possible life. The parents of the unnecessary embryos have the option to donate the trim embryos to stem cell research or hold them discarded. Laura Bothwell is a doctorial campaigner in the history and moralss of public wellness and medical specialty in the Department of Sociomedical Sciences at Columbia University. She believes that it is a great gift to humanity that the embryos left over from the assisted reproduction rhythms can be used for research that has the possible to relieve human suffering ( Bothwell ) . Hundreds of 1000s of trim embryos in IVF Bankss have no hereafter as worlds. doing it unwise to non utilize them for root cell research. In which instance. the statement that the authorities is funding the devastation of possible human life is basically flawed. We need to halt worrying about the lives of those who will neer populate and get down concentrating on the lives of those already populating. In the novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley. the universe has been transformed from what it is today. Worlds are grown in mills with specific traits to make full specific functions in the society. Obviously. this is non the instance today. and most would hold that is a good thing. However. we are easy get downing to see that it may be possible. The possibility of turning our ain human existences is chilling to believe of. Looming deep in the heads of root cell research workers and scientists and anyone educated about the scientific discipline is the fright of what it may take to. Could it take us to going human applied scientists? Could it take to our humanity slip off as we wander into a life where no 1 is particular. where non God but we are the Godheads of human existences? It may non be a normally heard inquiry as most would label it implausible. Therefore. as I support the authorities funding root cell research. I besides understand the demand for it to be monitored. Traveling into the scientific discipline of root cells and still today we do non wholly know what will go of it in the distant hereafter. President [ Bush ] declared his purpose to call a President’s Council to supervise root cell research. to urge appropriate guidelines and ordinances. and to see medical and ethical branchings of biomedical innovation ( President’s Council on Bioethics ) . Another ground for the authorities to non fund root cell research is that making so would rush up the research while many. including those of the President’s Council on Bioethics. believe it should be monitored and restricted as to forestall it from acquiring out of manus. Stem cell research is like a fire. some people want to see it turn and turn out itself a beginning of heat. some people want to see it diminish until there is nil left ; most want to maintain it under control and prevent it from going a ramping hell. Moral quandary and deep inner-looming frights aside. root cell research has a promising potency that can non be ignored. Research workers believe that root cells can be used to handle a big assortment of diseases and organ failure. They could be used to make organ grafts that will non be rejected by the patient. Stem cells have the ability to salvage countless lives across the universe. They may be used in the intervention of neurological diseases. such as Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease. They may be of import for presenting targeted cistron therapy. They have the ability to handle liver diseases and metabolic upsets such as Gaucher’s disease. Hematopoietic root cells are presently used in handling leukaemia. a sensible and good established and accepted method of intervention. Ruth Kirchstein. a former moving manager of the National Institutes of Health ( NIH ) . notes that the ability to utilize root cells in disease interventions by simple organ transplant makes them a executable curative approach . and with limited supply of variety meats for grafts. root cells are progressively viewed as an attractive option for handling neglecting organs ( Kirchstein ) . If the lone cost of funding root cell research were the loss of embryos that had no hereafter human life possibility than the legion possible benefits of the research should render the cost insignificant. Stem cell research holds much promise yet is deprived of the support necessary to carry through this promise. If funded. within old ages we could be doing medical discoveries and salvaging more lives than of all time before. Luckily. modern scientific discipline has unlocked a new possibility. one that could set an terminal to moral and ethical differences and put an terminal to much human agony. In recent old ages scientists have made a new find. a new manner to research root cells. a manner to reprogram teguments cells to act merely as embryologic root cells ; they are called induced pluripotent root cells. This new method of geting root cells breaks no ethical barriers while still giving us entree to the life-saving potency of root cells. In November 2007 a research group in Japan and another in Wisconsin successfully created the induced luripotent root cells. Initially. the induced pluripotent root cells had a cancerous inclination that killed some of the mice in the first testing procedure. However. on November 30. 2007 Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University. the leader of the Nipponese research groups. eliminated the cancerous inclination. In the first procedure. six of the 36 mice injected with the cells died of tumours within 100 yearss. but in the 2nd procedure. no mice died ( Lewis ) . Not long after that achievement. scientists at Harvard Medical School and Children’s Hospital in Boston created the induced pluripotent root cells from a human voluntary. adding to the grounds that supports tegument cell reprogramming as a promising agency of geting the valuable root cells. Andy Lewis. a research editor for the Ethics A ; Religious Liberty Commission. declares that The discovery of bring oning skin cells into pluripotent root cells is an reply to supplication of pro-life advocators. who have long desired an ethical medical solution to battle enfeebling diseases and unwellnesss in society ( Lewis ) . Induced pluripotent root cells. being classified as root cell research. should by all agencies be funded by the authorities as it poses no ethical issues and possesses the same potency as human embryologic root cells do. It is a solution that makes everyone happy. The authorities should fund root cell research. Spare embryos with no hereafter as worlds should be utilized to better the lives of those already life. If anything. the authorities should fund and promote the creative activity of induced pluripotent root cells. Stem cell research has excessively much potency to non fund. even with taking ethical and moral barriers into consideration. However. we must forestall ourselves from acquiring carried off ; we must supervise the research’s growing. maintain it controlled. and. most significantly. keep our humanity. We can be given to the fire. allow it glow brighter than of all time. allow it supply heat and comfort for society. but if we let our guard down. if we allow the fire to go bigger than us. a raging. untamable hell. we may neer be able to stamp it out. ?

Do's & Don't for Educational Facility Planning Project Essay

Do's & Don't for Educational Facility Planning Project - Essay Example The space should be standard and as per the recommended guidelines. The planner should fit the available finances into the standard plan rather than fit the plan into the available finances. In such a case, there will be concern towards achieving the correct space for present as well as the future. In the development of an approach that will settle the scores between the budgetary constraints and educational requirements. Care should be taken in avoiding an approach that will constrain the facilities due to the available cash. It would be better to develop a few compulsory facilities and leave space for future developments, rather than develop all facilities, but with constraints. This approach will aim at ensuring quality. The facility aims at providing comprehensive educational specifications that link the education programs offered with the design of the facility. In achieving this objective, all features necessary for a certain facility should be incorporated into the design. This will involve the use of relevant personnel. Proper documentation should assist in ensuring the proper steps are followed. The planners, should thus, use the resources available at their disposal to ensure that they get the requirements for the facilities right and not focus on what they think is right. They should apply facts, procedures and standards in determining the requirements. There should be proper communication between the designers and the educators, whereby the educator is responsible for stating what is required and the designer is responsible for stating how the requirements are met. The educator has the requirements in a theoretical perspective and should not be involved in determination of the design. The designer is responsible for ensuring that the required and stated specifications are met fully. The process of planning for the education facility at hand requires consultation with experts, who are responsible for approving some of the required

1. Review of Diesel 2. Review of Hydrogen Essay

1. Review of Diesel 2. Review of Hydrogen - Essay Example The invention of Diesel was financed by M. A. N. of Augsburg (Mathur and Sharma 2000). Diesel has a boiling range of about 180Â °C to 300Â °C. It is widely used because it is cheap and has better thermal efficiency. Today Diesel is produced in three ways: Petroleum Diesel, Synthetic Diesel and BioDiesel. 1. Petroleum Diesel: Petroleum diesel is also called as Fossil Diesel. This diesel is produced from fractional distillation of crude oil. The supply of petroleum diesel is fast depleting and hence the search for other types is becoming all the more important. 2. Synthetic Diesel: Synthetic diesel is made by processing natural gas through a technology which converts the natural gas into Synthetic Diesel. Synthetic diesel is free from sulphur and provides numerous other environmental benefits over petroleum diesel. Synthetic diesel is cleaner, cleaner-burning and can be formulated for superior cold weather performance. The following diagram shows the emission reductions compared to typical California diesel: 3. Biodiesel: Biodiesel is a renewable diesel fuel substitute. It can be made from a variety of natural oils and fats. Biodiesel is made by chemically combining any natural oil or fat with an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol. Methanol has been the most commonly used alcohol in the commercial production of biodiesel (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, May 1998). The diesel cycle is the theoretical cycle for slow speed compression-ignition or diesel engines. In a diesel cycle the heat is added at constant pressure. The pressure drop at the end of expansion is still at constant volume. This cycle is shown in the following T-s diagram. The process 1-2 is reversible adiabatic (isentropic) compression of air. Heat is then added at constant pressure, represented by 2-3. In actual engine heat addition takes place in the form of injection of fuel which self-ignites due to high temperature caused by high compression

Ethos, Logos, Pathos, and Rhetorical Analysis Assignment

Ethos, Logos, Pathos, and Rhetorical Analysis - Assignment Example Notably, Bono demonstrates a good judgment about rock stars mounting the pulpit and preaching at presidents, which depicts his credibility. Moreover, Bono manifests his integrity by asserting that justice is a higher standard and that Africa’s position challenges America’s justice and equality (â€Å"American Rhetoric† 1). Bono uses deductive reasoning by encouraging the audience to do what God is doing because it is already blessed (â€Å"American Rhetoric† 1). Moreover, he uses statistics and past facts to present his ideas where he draws our attention to the Tsunami effect in South East Asia where 150, 000 people died. Additionally, he uses examples by stating that the American President and the Congress provided life-saving anti-retroviral drugs to 700,000 people and provided eight million bed nets to protect children from malaria (â€Å"American Rhetoric† 1). He also uses comparisons to justify his argument where he compared the 150, 000 deaths from Tsunami with the 150, 000 deaths that happen in Africa every month (â€Å"American Rhetoric† 1). He uses deductive reasoning to assert that America has the capacity to avert the crisis in Africa. Indeed, Bono shows the American possibility by asserting that America only gives less than one percent to charity and they only need to give two percent for them to transform the world and change American’s perception. Bono uses a lot of repetition where he consequently repeats the phrase â€Å"One percent† to refer to the schooling girls in Africa, AIDS patients who get medicine in Africa, and African entrepreneurs who can start a small family business (â€Å"American Rhetoric† 1). Moreover, he uses very emotional words to question America’s commitment towards charity where he asserts, â€Å"six and a half thousand Africans are still dying every day of preventable, treatable disease, for lack of drugs we can buy at any drug store†.

Industry Analysis Outline Essay Example for Free

Industry Analysis Outline Essay For the past several weeks we have been examining firms’ environmental contexts. The purpose of this in-depth analysis is to: * understand how to document an industry’s systemic profitability (or loss) rate * understand the forces surrounding the industry (based on Porter analysis) that drive its underlying profitability (or lack thereof) * understand how macro-environmental factors influence the dynamics of the industry * understand how to draw appropriate conclusions from industry level data * understand how to support conclusions with application of Ch 2 theories and data understand how to summarize industry information in an informative way. Your first case analysis is to analyze an industry to determine its future potential. The format for this assignment is consistent with what you might be expected to do on the job. Often, when you are given an assignment, you must present your findings in a concise memo, documented by exhibits which support your analysis. You then also present your work orally. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT Assume you are an analyst (or team of analysts) for a consulting company. As analysts, your boss has asked your team to examine an industry for a client who is considering future investment possibilities. You don’t know what company or companies may be involved or if this is a potential new entrant. You are only asked to provide an evaluation of the industry, its structure, its profitability, attractiveness, opportunities and threats, and future prospects. DELIVERABLES 1) If you are doing this as an individual written assignment: MEMO submitted to Turnitin. * A business memo addressed to the professor/your boss (no more than 3 typed pages total –double spaced). This deliverable must be submitted to â€Å"Turnitin.† Although this is a memo, you should cite sources of factual data and information that is not common knowledge. * At least 2 and no more than 5 exhibits with data (graphs, charts, models, summary, etc) which supports the narrative presented in the memo. These should be attached after the memo. Each attachment should be referenced in the memo in order of appearance in the memo. * One required exhibit should provide some indication of industry performance (is this industry becoming more or less difficult). Think in terms of financial industry analysis and/or use the shipments data available on Blackboard. You MUST ANALYZE the information on Blackboard and extract information, NOT just paste it in your paper. * One required exh ibit is a Porter analysis * ALL EXHIBITS MUST BE RELATED TO AND EXPAND UPON YOUR NARRATIVE. THESE TWO DELIVERABLES MUST FIT TOGETHER! 2) If you are doing the team presentation: Power Point WITH narration must be submitted to Blackboard and a HARD COPY of the slides given your professor in class. * Slides from your presentation. (No more than 15 slides total.). * Webex presentation should be 10 minutes long, not including time for QA. * I expect a complete PEST * I expect a complete PORTER * I expect some conclusion about current and future industry analysis that is based on the PEST and PORTER WHAT GOES INTO THE DELIVERABLES? The list below should be the basis for your analysis. Remember, while you should look at all of these elements for a complete analysis, your judgment and application of concepts from Ch. 2 should inform your decisions regarding which pieces of the analysis are important for the memo and presentation. This means that not all of the below items will ultimately be included in the deliverables, even if you analyzed them initially. Only the most significant items will be included in the limited space of the deliverables. INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: 1) Description of the elements of the industry. * What is the description of the industry? (Not its history, just its definitional parameters) * At what stage of the industry life cycle is this industry?(Use data to define and defend this) * Profitability?(This should be presented as DATA, over time, relative to some other standard, for comparison) 2) Who are the primary competitors in this industry? * Are there important strategic groups? * What segment or group dominates? What segment (if any) is doing well? What segment (if any) is weak? DYNAMICS OF THE INDUSTRY: 1) What key trends in the general environment are important and affecting the future demand for the product or supply of necessary materials of this industry? Why? * political * economic * social * technological * global 2) Which forces (Porter) are most critical for this industry? I.e., which ones best explain the profitability rate that you described above? * Barriers to entry? (which ones?) * Powerful Suppliers? (which ones, why?) * Powerful Buyers? (which ones, why?) * Powerful Substitute INDUSTRY(s) (which ones, why?) * Hi Rivalry of Competitors? (what is the source of rivalry?) FORCES FOR CHANGE THAT ARE EMERGING: 1) How are the forces (Porter) in the industry changing over time to become a. Stronger? (What macro-trends are driving this?) b. Weaker? (What macro-trends are driving this?) 2) Based on the Porter analysis (from #4 #5 above), is this industry getting c. more attractive (easier to make profits) or d. less attractive (harder to make profits)? (why?) INTEGRATION OF THE INFORMATION: 3) What are logically-derived conclusions (based on the analyses above) for e. opportunities (trends) associated with this industry? f. threats (trends) associated with this industry? 4) What are some key issues that players in this industry must be aware of? FORMAT for the Assignment: The MEMO format should include: 1) Business memo format: Please use the â€Å"Elegant Memo† template in Word, but double spaced. Also, insert page numbers. 2) Attachments should be labeled in numeric order (i.e. Exhibit 1), with a title underneath which indicates the nature of the information in the attachment. 3) Attachments should be numbered in the order in which they are introduced in the memo text. The Power Point slides: 1) Slide 1 should include the name of the industry and the names of the team members. 2) All team members should be prepared to answer questions regarding the team analysis.

Comparison Between Democratic And Autocratic Nursing Essay

Comparison Between Democratic And Autocratic Nursing Essay Its being a long time I have been working in New Zealand. After working within groups and under influence of different leader I learnt many things about Leadership, before working experience I got basic knowledge from books and lecturers about leadership. From experience I gained from working under and working as leader I can mark myself as Democratic Leader. My style of leading is Democratic, the survey I conducted on internet helped me to figure out me and make me sure about the Leadership style I Inherited within myself. According to this survey this style suits my character and is helpful in my career. Sometime its also important to be Autocratic leaders because sometime some situation occurs where u have to take lead and enforce authority to achieve your goal. In my career I also faced some situation where it became necessary for me to use my authority and enforce it on my team members to achieve the target. Democratic The Democratic leadership is an ideal style of running a team successfully. Democratic leader are most efficient leaders. They know how to achieve the goal with support of their team. This style proves very vital role in dynamic and rapidly changing environment. These leaders knows importance of each and every member of their team, they take advice and suggestion from their team while making decision. (Sanajy) Autocratic- The leaders with autocratic style are also known authoritarians. These leaders took control on decision making; they dont take advice from their team members. Autocratic leaders are concerned about their targets and they dont care about the interest of their colleagues or their team members. They rarely accept advice from their team members. (Leader) According to my point of view Democratic style of leadership is most efficient and successful style of leadership in a restaurant. I have experienced that this style is also used by my seniors as they know that this style gain them respect, colleagues trust and also to achieve the target. Couple of time I faced situation in which my manager autocratically deals with the situation and it was necessary at that time. I can say that both of these two styles are efficiently helping the leaders in day to day activity and are also being used by different leaders in New Zealand. I can say that where democratic style helps to achieve target and employees satisfaction, whereas in some situation autocratic leaders prove efficient to achieve the target. After having experience in different workforces I also found some minus points in my leadership especially in term of anger management. I see it as a barrier in way to be a successful leader so I decided to deal with it and solve this problem as soon as possible. I read some anger management books and also saw some videos related to anger management, but I had very good communication skills and the understanding level within my time. My team members share their personal views as well as issues with work with me. I see myself as a good leader in future if I overcome my problems. 1. B Leadership Theory Transactional Theory Democratic theory suggests that Democratic theory is an ideal theory to run a team successfully. The leaders with democratic style are known as most efficient leaders. They took advice of their team members which helps in generating of more ideas and more solutions for the problem. These leaders encourage participation which boosts the confidence of the team and motivate to work more efficiently. Involvement of group members improves mutual understanding and ignores competitiveness between group members. Taking advice and increasing participation of group member result in better result and increase in group effort because some time outcome by group effort is much better then singles effort. (Sanajy) Transformational Theory Transformational Leadership encourages the motivation, morale and performance of followers by using different practices. These include interacting with the followers and other team members. The leaders set example for the followers, encourages them and giving them difficult task and motivates to achieve that. Leaders convey the clear vision of group goals. These leaders energize the team and leads to positive aspects. They are not only concerned about their own task but also approach to other members of their group and ask if there any problem and try to help them. Under transformational theory not only leader but the followers also with leaders make each other advance to a high level of helping and motivating. Transactional Theory The transactional leader promotes the performance of followers both by punishment and rewards. These leaders supervise the work of their followers in order to point out faults and mark their efforts so that the faults can be eliminated and the good work can be promoted. Under transactional leadership leaders supervise the work of their colleagues and keep check so the quality of work should be maintained and the work should be carried out in a specific fashion. The followers should obey the orders and guidelines of the leader and have to carry out what exactly is demanded, otherwise there are punishment if the work is less than satisfactory level. This leadership can be explained as management by expectation. Delegative Theory Under this type of leadership there is least productivity. Under this leadership group members are more demanding to the leader and leaders are less cooperative with team members and leave decision making on other group members. This leadership might prove beneficial in those cases where the group members are highly skilled and knowledgeable. (Leader) Comparison between democratic and Autocratic Transformational Theory Under this theory leaders are more concerned about the team performance rather than day to day activities. The leaders motivate and encourage group members to take team performance ton next level. These leaders are more concerned about team comfort. These leaders motivate and encourage the group members by setting up targets and push them to achieve it. They provide opportunity for their personal growth. Transactional Theory More concerned about maintaining the flow and quality of project. Uses disciplinary power and rewards or punishment system to motivate the member. These leaders make sure everything goes smooth and in direction toward the goal. These leaders motivates the staff by exchanging the rewards, supervising and providing regular feedback Role Model http://www.allamericanpatriots.com/files/images/barack-obama-minnesota.jpg Brack obama is 44th and current president of America, begun as a democratic leader and won trust of enough delegates to be nominee of president. From the beginning of his political culture he leads to a democratic thinking and as President of USA he not even try to bring democracy nationwide but also in thinking of the citizens. Reason why he is successful to achieve his goals is that he knows that running a country is not to easy and is not possible to be controlled by an individual so he always move with his team. He takes advices and suggestions regarding situation this he also mentioned during the press conference after he was re elected as president of America in2012. He said that it was not the success of an individual but victory of a team. His views and they way of working proves him as a democratic leader and this helps him to be a successful leader. He is making his best by putting all his efforts to make country better and move on the path of prosperity. He also encourages the general public to take part in political activities as its important for them. (Democrats) New Zealand leaders JOHN KEY HE is 38th Prime minister of New Zealand, elected on 8th November 2008. From being a foreign exchange office dealer to Prime minister he struggled and also became one of the richest persons in New Zealand. He is the Leader with Democratic leadership style. His point of views, plan and policies are aligned with his own team members. He took several steps and made efforts to stop social destruction like stopping binge drinking. In 2008 he suggested to raise the drinking age limit 18 back to 20 but that attempt was failed due to refusal by the Law Commission. He is also aware about environmental issues he believes that Global warming is a real phenomenon to be worried about and he said that the government will implement some actions and will reduce this global warming by 50% in next fifty years. (John Key) John keys targets Building Brighter Future. Builder Better Public service. Building world class Infrastructure. Building safer New Zealand. Rebuilding Christchurch. Less Debts More jobs. Each of his vision is categorized in small missions as this could lead to his desired future. It has also been seen that to make things go right he is making overseas trips in relation to finding job opportunities for New Zealanders. The screen industry in New Zealand supports over 2700 businesses, over 95 per cent of which are involved in production and post-production work. We need to keep New Zealand front of mind for those individuals who can bring further investment to New Zealand. (john) Phil Goff He is an autocratic leader of NZ. He is a current leader of Labour Party. He was a determined person with great political knowledge through his studies and was a great achiever with an positive attitude. He is self motivates as he believes in himself that he can create a better society for New Zealand. Should a smack as part of good parental correction be a criminal offence in New Zealand? His idea is that it is not wise for parents to discipline their children through corporal punishments. GST increase will hurt families that are already struggling to make ends meet. (wikipedia) It is also seen that he opposes on John keys decision as he is a person who is social minded too. It seems that he wants incremental changes rather than radical as it affects at current situation. He has a strong belief in himself and does not lose hope. He also went to investigate further on the oil spill issue that arose recently to find answers. This also shows that he has great care for the environment. As an opposing leader it is hard to maintain trust and confidence of the people but somehow the other he is trying his best to cope up with this. Evolution:- Both leaders have opposite styles. John Key is a Democratic leader whereas Phil Goff is a leader with Autocratic Leader. Both leaders are doing well in their own ways and styles. Both have some similarities in their goals and their views. It seems that I have some characteristics of both the leaders and their thoughts inspire me and guide me to improve my leadership tactics. Even my goal is not to be a politics but their leadership qualities guide me to achieve my goal to be a good and successful leader. These two personalities are great models to look at and to take as example and learn how they deal with different situation and learn their ways and strategies to fight with our problems. Benchmarking Tools These are the tools which help to evaluate how efficient is leader and his leadership style. There many leaders everywhere, at home, offices and etc. In same way the student is also a leader when they work in a group one of them is a leader of the group. Following are some tools. Setting Goals- Setting of goal is the primary step to be taken. Its necessary to be goal oriented any task without goal is like a Race without end. If you know your goals and target you what you want to achieve and you can make plans according to that and setting up policies to achieve that target. Influencing- Influencing is vital part of communication. Being a good communicator you should know how to influence others. To make other work for you or to make them work with you, its necessary to influence them and convince them to follow you and for that its necessary to know how to influence others. Planning- planning is the next step after setting up the goals. To achieve target one have to make plans and strategies. Without plan one cant implement any action or cant take any step. If you what you want but you dont know how to get it then you cant reach your target. A sound plan results in achieving of target and completion of target. Conversation- conversation opens the doors of mind which results in more ideas. If there is conversation between the group that helps to create mutual understanding and avoid misunderstandings. Benchmarking criteria This helps to measure the performance by knowing actual and current situation. Analysis Benchmarked Figure Actual (My Own) Deviation self-confidence with high-level 3 2 1 Social responsibilities (awareness) 4 3 1 Positive thoughts 5 3 2 Practical approach 2 2 0 RESULTS 14 10 4 I noticed that I am ambitious wit positive attribute. I have positive thinking and also aware to my social responsibilities, which I have toward my society. I am a good communicator and I know how to influence other with my views. I stay focused on my target and make efficient plan to achieve the target. Reflection- I have a strong vision of helping other and this helps me to make good relation within or outside my workplace. I have mutual understanding with my colleagues, whic helps me to maintain the quality of work and result in maximum output. I always want to be well educated and to be a well civilised person. It was my dream from childhood to do management in studies and also as profession. Currently working in Indian restaurant as front staff I am struggling to achieve my goals and to achieve the target which I want to achieve. I know I can handle whatever the situation is and can overcome from those problems. I just want that if I am following someone as my role model so I want that someday I would be role model for someone. I with my hard work and with my discipline will do well in this country and will make myself and my family proud. I believe that with democratic and autocratic leadership style I will prove myself worthy at my workplace, being democratic will help me to achieve trust and faith of others whereas being autocratic it would help me to deal with some typical situations. Obstacles Computer skills- Now days technology has conquered all the fields, in offices the records are maintain in computers and in restaurants the bills and the orders are also putted through computers. I had problem while dealing with till in restaurants, sometime I got confused about different payment system and some time in Chinese orders Anger management- Its very important to control your anger. When you are working in a team, it became necessary to maintain your anger because at that time we are working with different personalities of different individuals. Sometimes there are situation which create irritation and raise anger but being a good leader or a good employee it became necessary to control the anger. Sometime it happened that I lose my patience during busy days, sometime due to my colleagues mistake or sometime by irritation. Time Management- Main problem I face is lack in time management, sometime I mix two tasks and in result I am not able to give proper time to each task and results in low quality outcome. Rationale- Computer skills- I have to practice more on till handling so that I can easily handle it even on the busy days and that will also help me to work efficiently and achieve my target. Anger management-I should control my anger otherwise that may result in loss of trust and mutual understanding Time management- Its necessary to be punctual and completion of task on time for better results. Time management is vital for good leadership. Measurement Computer skills- To improve my Till handling i increase mu practice time on till and i take advice and instruction from my manager to know how to handle till easily and manage different bills and orders in busy time. I even go and practice on my day offs and that is proving helpful to improve my skill I getting my grip on till. Anger management- To control my anger I am taking help of different articles and books for anger management. This is helping me to control my temper and to avoid the risk of conflicts and loss of mutual understanding between me and my colleagues Time management- I know importance of time. Its well said that Time is Money. I cant let lack of time management to affect my work quality so I am taking advice of my manager and also taking advice from some articles regarding time management so that i can overcome this obstacle between my Targets. Resources- Reading books and articles. Taking advices from Manager Practicing practically as well as theatrically.